Occupational Risk Factors in the Incidence of Malaria in the Kaimana Community Health Center Work Area

Abstract

Malaria is a disease transmitted by the bite of female Anopheles mosquitoes. This mosquito vector is an intermediary for the entry of plasmodium into the body by introducing its saliva into the human bloodstream. Malaria is still a disease that causes death throughout the world. Around 2.4 billion people are at risk of this disease. Papua is recorded as having the highest malaria rate in Indonesia. In fact, in several areas of Papua, the malaria prevalence rate exceeds 75%. Kaimana is one of the districts in West Papua which has one main non-inpatient health center. The number of malaria cases in the Kaimana health center working area in 2022 will be 123 cases. This study aims to determine occupational risk factors for the incidence of Malaria in the Kaimana Community Health Center Work Area. This research uses the Case Control method. The population of this study was all malaria sufferers in the Kaimana health center working area and living in the Kaimana health center working area in 2022, namely 123 people. The case sampling technique in this research was simple random sampling. Data analysis uses univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The research results show that there is an influence of the work environment on the incidence of malaria, namely standing water (P-Value = 0.001 and OR=307.352), risky working hours (P-Value=0.002 and OR=243.681), risky season (P-Value=0.002 and OR =154.663), piles of rubbish (P-Value=0.002 and OR=107.191), training and awareness (P-Value=0.013 and OR=24.889), and cleanliness of the work environment (P-Value=0.001 and OR=0.003). Work has no effect on the incidence of malaria, but the work environment shows an influence on the incidence of malaria. It is hoped that the community health center and the community will pay more attention to actions related to comprehensive malaria control and prevention in the work environment in accordance with the conditions of the community in the Kaimana community health center working area.

Keywords: malaria, risk factors, work, work environment

References : 38 ( 2012-2022)